The Tai Tham script, often called the Lanna script, to copy letter by letter. First the 43 consonants in their groups, then the vowel letters, the vowel signs and tone marks shown on ᨠ, the other signs and two sets of digits.
Read the full guide
Forty-three consonants, three classes
Twenty-five consonants stand in five groups of five called wak. Ten more stand outside the groups, and eight were added for Tai sounds that Pali does not have. Every consonant is high, mid or low, a class that the tone rules go by.
Signs on every side
A vowel sign can sit on any side of a consonant, and one vowel sound may take as many as four signs. A second consonant goes under the first: the sakot puts it there, as in ᨠ᩠ᩅ, kwa. The script is an abugida, used for Lanna, Tai Lü, Khün and Lao, and for Pali and Sanskrit.
ᨷ is ba in Tai words and pa in words from Pali.
The hora digits, ᪀ to ᪉, are the set in general use; the tham digits, ᪐ to ᪙, are mainly for liturgical texts.
A device with no Tai Tham font shows empty boxes in place of the letters.
Questions and answers
How many letters are in the Tai Tham script?
43 consonants. Unicode gives the script 127 characters in all, signs, marks and digits included, and every one is on this page.
Is the Lanna script the same as Tai Tham?
Yes. In Thailand and Myanmar the Tai Tham script is often called the Lanna script, after the historical Lanna Kingdom of northern Thailand and Kengtung. In northern Thailand it is also called Tua Mueang.
What does Tham mean?
Tham means scripture. The script is historically known as Tua Tham, and it was traditionally written on dried palm leaves.
Is the Tai Tham script in Unicode?
Yes, since version 5.2 of October 2009. The Tai Tham block runs from U+1A20 to U+1AAF.
All 127 letters
Consonants 43
ᨧHigh caU+1A27 Tai Tham letter high ca. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 8 of 43, in the group wak ja, high class. Its name is ja, ca (IPA t͡ɕǎ).
ᨨHigh chaU+1A28 Tai Tham letter high cha. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 9 of 43, in the group wak ja, high class. Its name is sa, cha (IPA sǎ, t͡ɕʰǎ).
ᨺHigh faU+1A3A Tai Tham letter high fa. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 27 of 43, in the group wak pa, high class. Its name is fa (IPA fǎ). One of the eight letters added for Tai sounds; it has no form written under another letter.
ᩉHigh haU+1A49 Tai Tham letter high ha. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 40 of 43, outside the five groups, high class. Its name is ha (IPA hǎ).
ᨠHigh kaU+1A20 Tai Tham letter high ka. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 1 of 43, in the group wak ka, high class. Its name is ka (IPA kǎ).
Show all 127 letters (122 more)
Consonants, continued
ᨡHigh khaU+1A21 Tai Tham letter high kha. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 2 of 43, in the group wak ka, high class. Its name is xa, kha (IPA xǎ, kʰǎ).
ᨢHigh kxaU+1A22 Tai Tham letter high kxa. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 3 of 43, in the group wak ka, high class. Its name is xa, kha (IPA xǎ). One of the eight letters added for Tai sounds; it has no form written under another letter.
ᨸHigh paU+1A38 Tai Tham letter high pa. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 25 of 43, in the group wak pa, high class. Its name is pa (IPA pǎ). One of the eight letters added for Tai sounds; it has no form written under another letter.
ᨹHigh phaU+1A39 Tai Tham letter high pha. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 26 of 43, in the group wak pa, high class. Its name is pha (IPA pʰǎ).
ᨮHigh rathaU+1A2E Tai Tham letter high ratha. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 15 of 43, in the group wak rata, high class. Its name is ratha (IPA lǎ.tʰǎ).
ᩈHigh saU+1A48 Tai Tham letter high sa. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 39 of 43, outside the five groups, high class. Its name is sa (IPA sǎ).
ᩆHigh shaU+1A46 Tai Tham letter high sha. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 37 of 43, outside the five groups, high class. Its name is sa (IPA sǎ).
ᩇHigh ssaU+1A47 Tai Tham letter high ssa. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 38 of 43, outside the five groups, high class. Its name is sa (IPA sǎ).
ᨲHigh taU+1A32 Tai Tham letter high ta. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 19 of 43, in the group wak ta, high class. Its name is ta (IPA tǎ).
ᨳHigh thaU+1A33 Tai Tham letter high tha. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 20 of 43, in the group wak ta, high class. Its name is tha (IPA tʰǎ).
ᩀHigh yaU+1A40 Tai Tham letter high ya. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 33 of 43, outside the five groups, mid class. Its name is ya (IPA jǎ). One of the eight letters added for Tai sounds; it has no form written under another letter. High ya is the name Unicode gives it.
ᨩLow caU+1A29 Tai Tham letter low ca. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 10 of 43, in the group wak ja, low class. Its name is ja, ca (IPA t͡ɕa᷇).
ᨫLow chaU+1A2B Tai Tham letter low cha. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 12 of 43, in the group wak ja, low class. Its name is sa, cha (IPA sa᷇, t͡ɕʰa᷄).
ᨼLow faU+1A3C Tai Tham letter low fa. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 29 of 43, in the group wak pa, low class. Its name is fa (IPA fa᷇). One of the eight letters added for Tai sounds; it has no form written under another letter.
ᩌLow haU+1A4C Tai Tham letter low ha. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 43 of 43, outside the five groups, low class. Its name is ha (IPA ha᷇). One of the eight letters added for Tai sounds; it has no form written under another letter.
ᨣLow kaU+1A23 Tai Tham letter low ka. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 4 of 43, in the group wak ka, low class. Its name is ka (IPA ka᷇).
ᨥLow khaU+1A25 Tai Tham letter low kha. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 6 of 43, in the group wak ka, low class. Its name is xa, kha (IPA xa᷇, kʰa᷇).
ᨤLow kxaU+1A24 Tai Tham letter low kxa. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 5 of 43, in the group wak ka, low class. Its name is xa, kha (IPA xa᷇). One of the eight letters added for Tai sounds; it has no form written under another letter.
ᨻLow paU+1A3B Tai Tham letter low pa. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 28 of 43, in the group wak pa, low class. Its name is pa (IPA pa᷇).
ᨽLow phaU+1A3D Tai Tham letter low pha. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 30 of 43, in the group wak pa, low class. Its name is pha (IPA pʰa᷇).
ᨰLow rathaU+1A30 Tai Tham letter low ratha. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 17 of 43, in the group wak rata, low class. Its name is ratha (IPA lǎ.tʰa᷇).
ᨪLow saU+1A2A Tai Tham letter low sa. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 11 of 43, in the group wak ja, low class. Its name is sa (IPA sa᷇). One of the eight letters added for Tai sounds; it has no form written under another letter.
ᨴLow taU+1A34 Tai Tham letter low ta. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 21 of 43, in the group wak ta, low class. Its name is ta (IPA ta᷇).
ᨵLow thaU+1A35 Tai Tham letter low tha. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 22 of 43, in the group wak ta, low class. Its name is tha (IPA tʰa᷇).
ᨿLow yaU+1A3F Tai Tham letter low ya. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 32 of 43, outside the five groups, low class. Its name is nya (IPA ɲa᷇).
ᩋTham aU+1A4B Tai Tham letter a. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 42 of 43, outside the five groups, mid class. Its name is a (IPA ʔǎ).
ᨷTham baU+1A37 Tai Tham letter ba. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 24 of 43, in the group wak pa, mid class. Its name is ba (IPA bǎ). In words from Pali it is pa (IPA pǎ), high class.
ᨯTham daU+1A2F Tai Tham letter da. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 16 of 43, in the group wak rata, mid class. Its name is da (IPA dǎ).
ᩃTham laU+1A43 Tai Tham letter la. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 35 of 43, outside the five groups, low class. Its name is la (IPA la᷇).
ᩊTham llaU+1A4A Tai Tham letter lla. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 41 of 43, outside the five groups, low class. Its name is la (IPA la᷇).
ᨾTham maU+1A3E Tai Tham letter ma. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 31 of 43, in the group wak pa, low class. Its name is ma (IPA ma᷇).
ᨶTham naU+1A36 Tai Tham letter na. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 23 of 43, in the group wak ta, low class. Its name is na (IPA na᷇).
ᨦTham ngaU+1A26 Tai Tham letter nga. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 7 of 43, in the group wak ka, low class. Its name is nga (IPA ŋa᷇).
ᨬTham nyaU+1A2C Tai Tham letter nya. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 13 of 43, in the group wak ja, low class. Its name is nya (IPA ɲa᷇).
ᩁTham raU+1A41 Tai Tham letter ra. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 34 of 43, outside the five groups, low class. Its name is ra, la (IPA la᷇).
ᨱTham ranaU+1A31 Tai Tham letter rana. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 18 of 43, in the group wak rata, low class. Its name is rana (IPA lǎ.na᷇).
ᨭTham rataU+1A2D Tai Tham letter rata. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 14 of 43, in the group wak rata, high class. Its name is rata (IPA lǎ.tǎ).
ᩅTham waU+1A45 Tai Tham letter wa. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Consonant 36 of 43, outside the five groups, low class. Its name is wa (IPA wa᷇).
Other letters 10
ᩔGreat saU+1A54 Tai Tham letter great sa. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Two of the letter high sa joined into one; its name is sa song hong.
ᩑTham eU+1A51 Tai Tham letter ee. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. A vowel letter, used mainly for words from Pali. Sound IPA ēː; written e in Latin letters.
ᩍTham iU+1A4D Tai Tham letter i. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. A vowel letter, used mainly for words from Pali. Sound IPA íʔ; written i in Latin letters.
ᩎTham iiU+1A4E Tai Tham letter ii. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. A vowel letter, used mainly for words from Pali. Sound IPA īː; written ii in Latin letters.
ᩓTham laeU+1A53 Tai Tham letter lae. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. The letter la and the vowel sign e joined into one sign.
ᩄTham lueU+1A44 Tai Tham letter lue. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. A syllable sign, not a consonant: a dictionary lists it after ᩃ.
ᩒTham oU+1A52 Tai Tham letter oo. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. A vowel letter, used mainly for words from Pali. Sound IPA ōː; written o in Latin letters.
ᩂTham rueU+1A42 Tai Tham letter rue. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. A syllable sign, not a consonant: a dictionary lists it after ᩁ.
ᩏTham uU+1A4F Tai Tham letter u. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. A vowel letter, used mainly for words from Pali. Sound IPA úʔ; written u in Latin letters.
ᩐTham uuU+1A50 Tai Tham letter uu. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. A vowel letter, used mainly for words from Pali. Sound IPA ūː; written uu in Latin letters.
Vowel signs on ᨠ 19
ᨠᩡSign aU+1A20 U+1A61 Tai Tham letter high ka with the vowel sign a. Alone on a consonant it writes IPA a.
ᨠᩣSign aaU+1A20 U+1A63 Tai Tham letter high ka with the vowel sign aa. Alone on a consonant it writes IPA aː.
ᨠᩯSign aeU+1A20 U+1A6F Tai Tham letter high ka with the vowel sign ae. Alone on a consonant it writes IPA ɛː.
ᨠᩱSign aiU+1A20 U+1A71 Tai Tham letter high ka with the vowel sign ai. Alone on a consonant it writes IPA aj.
ᨠᩮSign eU+1A20 U+1A6E Tai Tham letter high ka with the vowel sign e. Alone on a consonant it writes IPA eː.
ᨠᩥSign iU+1A20 U+1A65 Tai Tham letter high ka with the vowel sign i. Alone on a consonant it writes IPA i.
ᨠᩦSign iiU+1A20 U+1A66 Tai Tham letter high ka with the vowel sign ii. Alone on a consonant it writes IPA iː.
ᨠᩢSign mai satU+1A20 U+1A62 Tai Tham letter high ka with the vowel sign mai sat. The article also lists mai sat among the tone marks.
ᨠᩫSign oU+1A20 U+1A6B Tai Tham letter high ka with the vowel sign o.
ᨠᩳSign oa aboveU+1A20 U+1A73 Tai Tham letter high ka with the vowel sign oa above. Alone on a consonant it writes IPA ɔː or aw.
ᨠᩬSign oa belowU+1A20 U+1A6C Tai Tham letter high ka with the vowel sign oa below.
ᨠᩰSign ooU+1A20 U+1A70 Tai Tham letter high ka with the vowel sign oo. Alone on a consonant it writes IPA oː.
ᨠᩭSign oyU+1A20 U+1A6D Tai Tham letter high ka with the vowel sign oy. Alone on a consonant it writes IPA ɔːj.
ᨠᩤSign tall aaU+1A20 U+1A64 Tai Tham letter high ka with the vowel sign tall aa. A taller form of the sign aa, used after narrow consonants so that the syllable is easier to read.
ᨠᩲSign tham aiU+1A20 U+1A72 Tai Tham letter high ka with the vowel sign tham ai. Alone on a consonant it writes IPA aj.
ᨠᩩSign uU+1A20 U+1A69 Tai Tham letter high ka with the vowel sign u. Alone on a consonant it writes IPA u.
ᨠᩧSign ueU+1A20 U+1A67 Tai Tham letter high ka with the vowel sign ue. Alone on a consonant it writes IPA ɯ.
ᨠᩪSign uuU+1A20 U+1A6A Tai Tham letter high ka with the vowel sign uu. Alone on a consonant it writes IPA uː.
ᨠᩨSign uueU+1A20 U+1A68 Tai Tham letter high ka with the vowel sign uue. Alone on a consonant it writes IPA ɯː.
Tone marks 5
ᨠ᩶Mai kho jangU+1A20 U+1A76 Tai Tham letter high ka with the sign tone-2. Its name is mai kho jang.
ᨠ᩷Mai ko nueaU+1A20 U+1A77 Tai Tham letter high ka with the sign Khuen tone-3. Its name is mai ko nuea. Made for the Khuen language.
ᨠ᩹Mai sam nueaU+1A20 U+1A79 Tai Tham letter high ka with the sign Khuen tone-5. Its name is mai sam nuea. Made for the Khuen language.
ᨠ᩸Mai song nueaU+1A20 U+1A78 Tai Tham letter high ka with the sign Khuen tone-4. Its name is mai song nuea. Made for the Khuen language.
ᨠ᩵Mai yakU+1A20 U+1A75 Tai Tham letter high ka with the sign tone-1. Its name is mai yak. It is also called mai yo.
Other signs 30
᪭CaangU+1AAD Tai Tham sign caang. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2.
ᨠ᩿Cryptogrammic dotU+1A20 U+1A7F Tai Tham letter high ka with the combining cryptogrammic dot.
᪥DokmaiU+1AA5 Tai Tham sign dokmai. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Unicode also calls it flower.
ᨠᩙFinal ngaU+1A20 U+1A59 Tai Tham letter high ka with the consonant sign final nga.
᪬HangU+1AAC Tai Tham sign hang. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Unicode's note: used with other punctuation marks at the ends of sections.
ᨠᩛHigh ratha or low paU+1A20 U+1A5B Tai Tham letter high ka with the consonant sign high ratha or low pa. A form that ᨮ and ᨻ share when written under another letter.
᪤HoyU+1AA4 Tai Tham sign hoy. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Unicode also calls it oyster.
᪨KaanU+1AA8 Tai Tham sign kaan. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Unicode's note: danda.
᪩KaankuuU+1AA9 Tai Tham sign kaankuu. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Unicode's note: double danda.
᪣KeowU+1AA3 Tai Tham sign keow. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. Unicode also calls it courtyard.
ᨠ᩼Khuen-Lue karanU+1A20 U+1A7C Tai Tham letter high ka with the sign Khuen-Lue karan.
ᨠᩗLa tang laiU+1A20 U+1A57 Tai Tham letter high ka with the consonant sign la tang lai.
ᨠᩴMai kangU+1A20 U+1A74 Tai Tham letter high ka with the sign mai kang. Alone on a consonant it writes IPA aŋ.
ᨠᩘMai kang laiU+1A20 U+1A58 Tai Tham letter high ka with the sign mai kang lai. Alone on a consonant it writes IPA aŋ.
ᨠ᩻Mai samU+1A20 U+1A7B Tai Tham letter high ka with the sign mai sam.
ᪧMai yamokU+1AA7 Tai Tham sign mai yamok. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2.
ᨠᩖMedial laU+1A20 U+1A56 Tai Tham letter high ka with the consonant sign medial la. Also called la noi. It is silent.
ᨠᩕMedial raU+1A20 U+1A55 Tai Tham letter high ka with the consonant sign medial ra. Also called rawong: the form ra takes in a consonant cluster.
ᨠ᩺Ra haamU+1A20 U+1A7A Tai Tham letter high ka with the sign ra haam. Unicode's note: the letter or letters after it are not sounded.
᪦Reversed rotated ranaU+1AA6 Tai Tham sign reversed rotated rana. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2.
ᨠ᩠ᩅSakotU+1A20 U+1A60 U+1A45 High ka, the sign sakot and wa. The sakot writes the next letter under the one before it: this is kwa.
᪪SatkaanU+1AAA Tai Tham sign satkaan. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2.
᪫SatkaankuuU+1AAB Tai Tham sign satkaankuu. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2.
᪢SawanU+1AA2 Tai Tham sign sawan. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. A sign that stands for the word heaven.
ᨠᩝSign baU+1A20 U+1A5D Tai Tham letter high ka with the consonant sign ba. A form of ᨷ that is written under another letter.
ᨠᩚSign low paU+1A20 U+1A5A Tai Tham letter high ka with the consonant sign low pa.
ᨠᩜSign maU+1A20 U+1A5C Tai Tham letter high ka with the consonant sign ma. A form of ᨾ that is written under another letter.
ᨠᩞSign saU+1A20 U+1A5E Tai Tham letter high ka with the consonant sign sa. A form of ᩈ that is written under another letter.
᪠WiangU+1AA0 Tai Tham sign wiang. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. A sign that stands for the word city.
᪡WiangwaakU+1AA1 Tai Tham sign wiangwaak. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. A sign that stands for the word village.
Digits 20
᪀Hora 0U+1A80 Tai Tham hora digit zero. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. One of the hora digits, the set in general use.
᪁Hora 1U+1A81 Tai Tham hora digit one. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. One of the hora digits, the set in general use.
᪂Hora 2U+1A82 Tai Tham hora digit two. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. One of the hora digits, the set in general use.
᪃Hora 3U+1A83 Tai Tham hora digit three. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. One of the hora digits, the set in general use.
᪄Hora 4U+1A84 Tai Tham hora digit four. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. One of the hora digits, the set in general use.
᪅Hora 5U+1A85 Tai Tham hora digit five. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. One of the hora digits, the set in general use.
᪆Hora 6U+1A86 Tai Tham hora digit six. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. One of the hora digits, the set in general use.
᪇Hora 7U+1A87 Tai Tham hora digit seven. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. One of the hora digits, the set in general use.
᪈Hora 8U+1A88 Tai Tham hora digit eight. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. One of the hora digits, the set in general use.
᪉Hora 9U+1A89 Tai Tham hora digit nine. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. One of the hora digits, the set in general use.
᪐Tham 0U+1A90 Tai Tham tham digit zero. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. One of the tham digits, used mainly in religious texts.
᪑Tham 1U+1A91 Tai Tham tham digit one. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. One of the tham digits, used mainly in religious texts.
᪒Tham 2U+1A92 Tai Tham tham digit two. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. One of the tham digits, used mainly in religious texts.
᪓Tham 3U+1A93 Tai Tham tham digit three. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. One of the tham digits, used mainly in religious texts.
᪔Tham 4U+1A94 Tai Tham tham digit four. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. One of the tham digits, used mainly in religious texts.
᪕Tham 5U+1A95 Tai Tham tham digit five. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. One of the tham digits, used mainly in religious texts.
᪖Tham 6U+1A96 Tai Tham tham digit six. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. One of the tham digits, used mainly in religious texts.
᪗Tham 7U+1A97 Tai Tham tham digit seven. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. One of the tham digits, used mainly in religious texts.
᪘Tham 8U+1A98 Tai Tham tham digit eight. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. One of the tham digits, used mainly in religious texts.
᪙Tham 9U+1A99 Tai Tham tham digit nine. Tai Tham block, Unicode 5.2. One of the tham digits, used mainly in religious texts.
How this list was compiled: Every character was checked against UnicodeData.txt, version 18.0.0 (https://www.unicode.org/Public/18.0.0/ucd/UnicodeData.txt): the code points and the character names in the notes come from that file, names in sentence case. Block names come from Blocks.txt (https://www.unicode.org/Public/18.0.0/ucd/Blocks.txt) and the Unicode version each character arrived in from DerivedAge.txt (https://www.unicode.org/Public/18.0.0/ucd/DerivedAge.txt), both version 18.0.0. Other names of a character come from NamesList.txt, version 18.0.0 (https://www.unicode.org/Public/18.0.0/ucd/NamesList.txt). The 43 consonants, their order, their groups, the tone class and the name of each with its sound in the International Phonetic Alphabet follow the consonant chart of Wikipedia's Tai Tham script article (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tai_Tham_script), which is also the order of the code points; which eight were added for Tai sounds, the vowel letters and their sounds, the two joined letters, what a vowel sign writes when it stands alone on a consonant, the names of the tone marks, the three medial letters, the sakot and the two sets of digits follow the same article, restated in this site's own words. A tile name with High or Low in it, and the name of every sign, is the Unicode character name; the other letters carry the word Tham before the Unicode letter name or the article's Latin spelling. Where the article says nothing of a sign, its tile gives the Unicode name and no more. Each vowel sign, tone mark and other mark is shown on ᨠ, the first consonant. Every character of the Tai Tham block, U+1A20 to U+1AAF, is on the page. No locale of CLDR is written in these letters, so there was none to compare. The tile names and the grouping are this site's own. Each tile was drawn on 2026-10-09 before it was kept, and all of them drew. All sources were read on 2026-10-09. Licence: own work