253 characters
Checked October 2026

HTML Special Characters

Q: What is the HTML code for special characters such as < and &?

Write < for , & for &, " for " and ' for '. HTML reads the bare characters as its own: mark tags, & starts a code, and a quotation mark can end an attribute value.

Search a character by name, then tap its HTML code to copy it.

<Less-than signU+003CFirst in the list

253 characters. Tap any value to copy it.

253 characters. A character and its name both copy the character. A code copies the code.
Character	HTML	Name	Code point

Next step Alt codes for many of these characters

How it works

This page lists 253 HTML special characters: every name HTML 4 defined, plus ', each with its name code, decimal and hexadecimal codes and code point. The first five, & < > " and ', are reserved in HTML.

Read the full guide

Find a character and copy its code

Type a name, a code or the character itself in the search box, or pick one of the nine groups. Tap the code beside a character, such as ©, to copy it. A tap on the character or on its name copies the character itself, and so does Copy.

HTML special character codes come in three forms

The name code, such as ©, stands beside each character. Its decimal code, ©, and hexadecimal code, ©, are in the list All 253 characters further down, and a search for either finds the row. All three draw ©. The number is the code point: A9 in hexadecimal is 169.

HTML 4 put &lang; and &rang; at U+2329 and U+232A. The current standard, and this table, give U+27E8 and U+27E9.
Nine rows draw nothing, among them the no-break space and the soft hyphen. Search nbsp or shy to find them.

Questions and answers

What are special characters in HTML?

They are characters written as a code that starts with & and ends with a semicolon. Some are reserved by HTML, such as < and &. Some cannot be seen, such as the no-break space. Others are hard to type, such as © and →.

What is the HTML code for special characters such as < and &?

Write < for <, > for >, & for &, " for " and ' for '. HTML reads the bare characters as its own: < and > mark tags, & starts a code, and a quotation mark can end an attribute value.

What is the difference between a name code and a number code?

Both draw the same character. A name such as € exists only for characters on the standard's list. A number, € or €, can be written for any character, because it is the Unicode code point in decimal or hexadecimal.

Is this the full HTML special characters list?

It is the full HTML 4 set: the 252 names of its three entity files, plus ' from the current standard. The current HTML standard gives a name to 1,446 single characters in all.

All 253 characters

Reserved characters 5

Ampersand By number: & or &. Reserved: it starts every code in this table.
Apostrophe By number: ' or '. Reserved inside an attribute value that stands between single quotation marks. HTML 4 had no name for it.
Greater-than sign By number: > or >. Reserved: it closes a tag.
Less-than sign By number: < or <. Reserved: it opens a tag.
Quotation mark By number: " or ". Reserved inside an attribute value that stands between double quotation marks.

Spaces and dashes 11

Em dash By number: — or —.
Em space By number:   or  .
En dash By number: – or –.
En space By number:   or  .
Left-to-right mark By number: ‎ or ‎.
No-break space By number:   or  .
Right-to-left mark By number: ‏ or ‏.
Soft hyphen By number:  or .
Thin space By number:   or  .
Zero width joiner By number: ‍ or ‍.
Zero width non-joiner By number: ‌ or ‌.

Show all 253 characters (237 more)

Quotation marks 10

Double low-9 quotation mark By number: „ or „.
Left double quotation mark By number: “ or “.
Left single quotation mark By number: ‘ or ‘.
Left-pointing double angle quotation mark By number: « or «.
Right double quotation mark By number: ” or ”.
Right single quotation mark By number: ’ or ’.
Right-pointing double angle quotation mark By number: » or ».
Single left-pointing angle quotation mark By number: ‹ or ‹.
Single low-9 quotation mark By number: ‚ or ‚.
Single right-pointing angle quotation mark By number: › or ›.

Currency 5

Cent sign By number: ¢ or ¢.
Currency sign By number: ¤ or ¤.
Euro sign By number: € or €.
Pound sign By number: £ or £.
Yen sign By number: ¥ or ¥.

Accented and other letters 70

Feminine ordinal indicator By number: ª or ª.
Latin capital letter A with acute By number: Á or Á.
Latin capital letter A with circumflex By number: Â or Â.
Latin capital letter A with diaeresis By number: Ä or Ä.
Latin capital letter A with grave By number: À or À.
Latin capital letter A with ring above By number: Å or Å.
Latin capital letter A with tilde By number: Ã or Ã.
Latin capital letter AE By number: Æ or Æ.
Latin capital letter C with cedilla By number: Ç or Ç.
Latin capital letter E with acute By number: É or É.
Latin capital letter E with circumflex By number: Ê or Ê.
Latin capital letter E with diaeresis By number: Ë or Ë.
Latin capital letter E with grave By number: È or È.
Latin capital letter eth By number: Ð or Ð.
Latin capital letter I with acute By number: Í or Í.
Latin capital letter I with circumflex By number: Î or Î.
Latin capital letter I with diaeresis By number: Ï or Ï.
Latin capital letter I with grave By number: Ì or Ì.
Latin capital letter N with tilde By number: Ñ or Ñ.
Latin capital letter O with acute By number: Ó or Ó.
Latin capital letter O with circumflex By number: Ô or Ô.
Latin capital letter O with diaeresis By number: Ö or Ö.
Latin capital letter O with grave By number: Ò or Ò.
Latin capital letter O with stroke By number: Ø or Ø.
Latin capital letter O with tilde By number: Õ or Õ.
Latin capital letter S with caron By number: Š or Š.
Latin capital letter thorn By number: Þ or Þ.
Latin capital letter U with acute By number: Ú or Ú.
Latin capital letter U with circumflex By number: Û or Û.
Latin capital letter U with diaeresis By number: Ü or Ü.
Latin capital letter U with grave By number: Ù or Ù.
Latin capital letter Y with acute By number: Ý or Ý.
Latin capital letter Y with diaeresis By number: Ÿ or Ÿ.
Latin capital ligature OE By number: Œ or Œ.
Latin small letter a with acute By number: á or á.
Latin small letter a with circumflex By number: â or â.
Latin small letter a with diaeresis By number: ä or ä.
Latin small letter a with grave By number: à or à.
Latin small letter a with ring above By number: å or å.
Latin small letter a with tilde By number: ã or ã.
Latin small letter ae By number: æ or æ.
Latin small letter c with cedilla By number: ç or ç.
Latin small letter e with acute By number: é or é.
Latin small letter e with circumflex By number: ê or ê.
Latin small letter e with diaeresis By number: ë or ë.
Latin small letter e with grave By number: è or è.
Latin small letter eth By number: ð or ð.
Latin small letter f with hook By number: ƒ or ƒ.
Latin small letter i with acute By number: í or í.
Latin small letter i with circumflex By number: î or î.
Latin small letter i with diaeresis By number: ï or ï.
Latin small letter i with grave By number: ì or ì.
Latin small letter n with tilde By number: ñ or ñ.
Latin small letter o with acute By number: ó or ó.
Latin small letter o with circumflex By number: ô or ô.
Latin small letter o with diaeresis By number: ö or ö.
Latin small letter o with grave By number: ò or ò.
Latin small letter o with stroke By number: ø or ø.
Latin small letter o with tilde By number: õ or õ.
Latin small letter s with caron By number: š or š.
Latin small letter sharp s By number: ß or ß.
Latin small letter thorn By number: þ or þ.
Latin small letter u with acute By number: ú or ú.
Latin small letter u with circumflex By number: û or û.
Latin small letter u with diaeresis By number: ü or ü.
Latin small letter u with grave By number: ù or ù.
Latin small letter y with acute By number: ý or ý.
Latin small letter y with diaeresis By number: ÿ or ÿ.
Latin small ligature oe By number: œ or œ.
Masculine ordinal indicator By number: º or º.

Math 64

Alef symbol By number: ℵ or ℵ.
Almost equal to By number: ≈ or ≈.
Angle By number: ∠ or ∠.
Approximately equal to By number: ≅ or ≅.
Asterisk operator By number: ∗ or ∗.
Black-letter capital I By number: ℑ or ℑ.
Black-letter capital R By number: ℜ or ℜ.
Circled plus By number: ⊕ or ⊕.
Circled times By number: ⊗ or ⊗.
Contains as member By number: ∋ or ∋.
Degree sign By number: ° or °.
Division sign By number: ÷ or ÷.
Dot operator By number: ⋅ or ⋅.
Double prime By number: ″ or ″.
Element of By number: ∈ or ∈.
Empty set By number: ∅ or ∅.
For all By number: ∀ or ∀.
Fraction slash By number: ⁄ or ⁄.
Greater-than or equal to By number: ≥ or ≥.
Identical to By number: ≡ or ≡.
Infinity By number: ∞ or ∞.
Integral By number: ∫ or ∫.
Intersection By number: ∩ or ∩.
Left ceiling By number: ⌈ or ⌈.
Left floor By number: ⌊ or ⌊.
Less-than or equal to By number: ≤ or ≤.
Logical and By number: ∧ or ∧.
Logical or By number: ∨ or ∨.
Mathematical left angle bracket By number: ⟨ or ⟨. HTML 4 put this name at U+2329.
Mathematical right angle bracket By number: ⟩ or ⟩. HTML 4 put this name at U+232A.
Micro sign By number: µ or µ.
Minus sign By number: − or −.
Multiplication sign By number: × or ×.
N-ary product By number: ∏ or ∏.
N-ary summation By number: ∑ or ∑.
Nabla By number: ∇ or ∇.
Not a subset of By number: ⊄ or ⊄.
Not an element of By number: ∉ or ∉.
Not equal to By number: ≠ or ≠.
Not sign By number: ¬ or ¬.
Partial differential By number: ∂ or ∂.
Per mille sign By number: ‰ or ‰.
Plus-minus sign By number: ± or ±.
Prime By number: ′ or ′.
Proportional to By number: ∝ or ∝.
Right ceiling By number: ⌉ or ⌉.
Right floor By number: ⌋ or ⌋.
Script capital P By number: ℘ or ℘.
Square root By number: √ or √.
Subset of By number: ⊂ or ⊂.
Subset of or equal to By number: ⊆ or ⊆.
Superscript one By number: ¹ or ¹.
Superscript three By number: ³ or ³.
Superscript two By number: ² or ².
Superset of By number: ⊃ or ⊃.
Superset of or equal to By number: ⊇ or ⊇.
There exists By number: ∃ or ∃.
Therefore By number: ∴ or ∴.
Tilde operator By number: ∼ or ∼.
Union By number: ∪ or ∪.
Up tack By number: ⊥ or ⊥.
Vulgar fraction one half By number: ½ or ½.
Vulgar fraction one quarter By number: ¼ or ¼.
Vulgar fraction three quarters By number: ¾ or ¾.

Greek letters 52

Greek capital letter alpha By number: Α or Α.
Greek capital letter beta By number: Β or Β.
Greek capital letter chi By number: Χ or Χ.
Greek capital letter delta By number: Δ or Δ.
Greek capital letter epsilon By number: Ε or Ε.
Greek capital letter eta By number: Η or Η.
Greek capital letter gamma By number: Γ or Γ.
Greek capital letter iota By number: Ι or Ι.
Greek capital letter kappa By number: Κ or Κ.
Greek capital letter lamda By number: Λ or Λ.
Greek capital letter mu By number: Μ or Μ.
Greek capital letter nu By number: Ν or Ν.
Greek capital letter omega By number: Ω or Ω.
Greek capital letter omicron By number: Ο or Ο.
Greek capital letter phi By number: Φ or Φ.
Greek capital letter pi By number: Π or Π.
Greek capital letter psi By number: Ψ or Ψ.
Greek capital letter rho By number: Ρ or Ρ.
Greek capital letter sigma By number: Σ or Σ.
Greek capital letter tau By number: Τ or Τ.
Greek capital letter theta By number: Θ or Θ.
Greek capital letter upsilon By number: Υ or Υ.
Greek capital letter xi By number: Ξ or Ξ.
Greek capital letter zeta By number: Ζ or Ζ.
Greek pi symbol By number: ϖ or ϖ.
Greek small letter alpha By number: α or α.
Greek small letter beta By number: β or β.
Greek small letter chi By number: χ or χ.
Greek small letter delta By number: δ or δ.
Greek small letter epsilon By number: ε or ε.
Greek small letter eta By number: η or η.
Greek small letter final sigma By number: ς or ς.
Greek small letter gamma By number: γ or γ.
Greek small letter iota By number: ι or ι.
Greek small letter kappa By number: κ or κ.
Greek small letter lamda By number: λ or λ.
Greek small letter mu By number: μ or μ.
Greek small letter nu By number: ν or ν.
Greek small letter omega By number: ω or ω.
Greek small letter omicron By number: ο or ο.
Greek small letter phi By number: φ or φ.
Greek small letter pi By number: π or π.
Greek small letter psi By number: ψ or ψ.
Greek small letter rho By number: ρ or ρ.
Greek small letter sigma By number: σ or σ.
Greek small letter tau By number: τ or τ.
Greek small letter theta By number: θ or θ.
Greek small letter upsilon By number: υ or υ.
Greek small letter xi By number: ξ or ξ.
Greek small letter zeta By number: ζ or ζ.
Greek theta symbol By number: ϑ or ϑ.
Greek upsilon with hook symbol By number: ϒ or ϒ.

Arrows 11

Downwards arrow By number: ↓ or ↓.
Downwards arrow with corner leftwards By number: ↵ or ↵.
Downwards double arrow By number: ⇓ or ⇓.
Left right arrow By number: ↔ or ↔.
Left right double arrow By number: ⇔ or ⇔.
Leftwards arrow By number: ← or ←.
Leftwards double arrow By number: ⇐ or ⇐.
Rightwards arrow By number: → or →.
Rightwards double arrow By number: ⇒ or ⇒.
Upwards arrow By number: ↑ or ↑.
Upwards double arrow By number: ⇑ or ⇑.

Suits and marks 25

Acute accent By number: ´ or ´.
Black club suit By number: ♣ or ♣.
Black diamond suit By number: ♦ or ♦.
Black heart suit By number: ♥ or ♥.
Black spade suit By number: ♠ or ♠.
Broken bar By number: ¦ or ¦.
Bullet By number: • or •.
Cedilla By number: ¸ or ¸.
Dagger By number: † or †.
Diaeresis By number: ¨ or ¨.
Double dagger By number: ‡ or ‡.
Horizontal ellipsis By number: … or ….
Inverted exclamation mark By number: ¡ or ¡.
Inverted question mark By number: ¿ or ¿.
Lozenge By number: ◊ or ◊.
Macron By number: ¯ or ¯.
Middle dot By number: · or ·.
Modifier letter circumflex accent By number: ˆ or ˆ.
Overline By number: ‾ or ‾.
Pilcrow sign By number: ¶ or ¶.
Registered sign By number: ® or ®.
Section sign By number: § or §.
Small tilde By number: ˜ or ˜.
Trade mark sign By number: ™ or ™.

How this list was compiled: The rows are the 252 character names that HTML 4 defined in its three entity sets, Latin-1, symbols and special characters (https://www.w3.org/TR/html4/HTMLlat1.ent, https://www.w3.org/TR/html4/HTMLsymbol.ent and https://www.w3.org/TR/html4/HTMLspecial.ent), plus ', which only the current HTML standard defines. The character each name stands for today is taken from the HTML standard's own list (https://html.spec.whatwg.org/entities.json), which differs from HTML 4 for two names, &lang; and &rang;. The decimal and hexadecimal codes are computed from the code point. Character names are the official names in UnicodeData.txt, version 18.0.0 (https://www.unicode.org/Public/18.0.0/ucd/UnicodeData.txt), in sentence case. Which characters are reserved follows the MDN glossary entry Character reference (https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Glossary/Character_reference, CC BY-SA 2.5). All files were read on 2026-10-01. Licence: own work (facts from the HTML standard, the HTML 4 recommendation and the Unicode Character Database)