X Bar Symbol Copy and Paste

Copy x̄, the capital X̄, ȳ or p̄, or the same letter under an overline, double bar or hat.

x̄x barU+0078 U+0304Ready to copy

45 letters with a bar. Tap any value to copy it.

45 letters with a bar. A character and its name both copy the character. A code copies the code.
Character	Name	Code point	Alt code	Option keys	HTML	LaTeX
	Made of U+0078 and U+0304. The letter x and the combining macron: two code points that draw as one. In statistics it is the mean of a sample.
	Made of U+0078 and U+0305. The same letter with the combining overline, a bar as wide as the letter.
	Made of U+0058 and U+0304. The capital letter with the macron: the sample mean of a data set named X.
	U+0233. y bar as one character, since Unicode has this letter ready-made. Added in Unicode 3.0 (1999).
	Made of U+0070 and U+0304. The letter p with the combining macron.
	Made of U+0078 and U+033F. The letter x with the combining double overline: two bars.
	Made of U+0078 and U+0302. Not a bar: x with the circumflex, which Unicode also calls hat. \hat{x} in LaTeX.
	Made of U+0078 and U+0303. Not a bar: x with the combining tilde, a wavy line.
	Made of U+007A and U+0304. The letter z with the combining macron.
	Made of U+0064 and U+0304. The letter d with the combining macron.
	Made of U+0076 and U+0304. The letter v with the combining macron.
	Made of U+0072 and U+0304. The letter r with the combining macron.
	Made of U+0074 and U+0304. The letter t with the combining macron.
	Made of U+0071 and U+0304. The letter q with the combining macron.
	Made of U+006E and U+0304. The letter n with the combining macron.
	Made of U+0073 and U+0304. The letter s with the combining macron.
	Made of U+0063 and U+0304. The letter c with the combining macron.
	Made of U+006B and U+0304. The letter k with the combining macron.
	Made of U+006D and U+0304. The letter m with the combining macron.
	Made of U+0077 and U+0304. The letter w with the combining macron.
	Made of U+0050 and U+0304. The capital letter P with the combining macron.
	Made of U+005A and U+0304. The capital letter Z with the combining macron.
	Made of U+0058 and U+0305. The capital letter with the combining overline.
	Made of U+0041 and U+0305. In set theory a bar over a set can mark its complement: everything that is not in A.
	Made of U+007A and U+0305. A bar over a complex number can mark its conjugate.
	Made of A, U+0305, B and U+0305. Overlines join left and right, so two letters share one bar: a way to write the line segment AB.
	Made of U+0058 and U+033F. The capital letter with the combining double overline.
	Made of x, U+0304 and U+2081, subscript one: the mean of a first sample.
	Made of x, U+0304 and U+2082, subscript two: the mean of a second sample.
	Made of x, U+0304 and U+2099, a subscript n.
	U+016B. u bar as one character: a letter of Latvian and Lithuanian, among others. &umacr; in HTML.
	U+0101. a bar as one character: a letter of Latvian and Latin teaching texts, among others. &amacr; in HTML.
	U+0113. e bar as one character. &emacr; in HTML.
	U+012B. i bar as one character; the macron takes the place of the dot. &imacr; in HTML.
	U+014D. o bar as one character. &omacr; in HTML.
	U+1E21. g bar as one character, from the Latin Extended Additional block.
	U+0232. Capital Y bar as one character. Added in Unicode 3.0 (1999).
	U+1E8B. Not a bar: x with a dot above, one character. Unicode's note on the dot: derivative (Newtonian notation).
	Made of U+0078 and U+0331. Not over the letter: the same short bar set under it.
	Made of U+0078 and U+0332. Not over the letter: the combining low line, which Unicode also calls underline.
	U+0304. The mark itself, which Unicode also calls long. Typed straight after a letter, it sits over that letter. No Alt code and no named entity; ̄ in HTML.
	U+0305. The mark itself, which Unicode also calls overscore and vinculum. Unicode's note: connects on left and right. ̅ in HTML.
	U+033F. The mark itself: two bars. Unicode's note: connects on left and right.
	U+00AF. A bar with nothing under it, taking its own space. Option+Shift+, or Alt+0175. It does not sit over the next letter.
	U+203E. A wide bar with nothing under it, which Unicode also calls spacing overscore. &oline; in HTML.

Next step σ and Σ with their codes μ, the mean of a population

How it works

The x bar symbol is x̄: the letter x followed by U+0304, Combining macron. Unicode has no single character for it, so it is two code points. To copy and paste: x̄, X̄, ȳ, p̄ and the overline form x̅.

Read the full guide

What the bar says

In statistics a bar over a letter marks a mean: x̄ is the average of the values of x, the mean of a sample, where the mean of a whole population is written μ. In set theory a bar over A can mark its complement, and over a complex number its conjugate.

Macron or overline

U+0304 is the macron, a mark narrower than the letter. U+0305, Combining overline, connects on the left and right, so it suits one bar over two letters, as in A̅B̅. How either mark sits depends on the font.

The mark goes after the letter, never before it: x first, then U+0304.
In LaTeX maths, \bar{x} sets the short bar and \overline{AB} a bar as long as what is under it.

Questions and answers

How do I type x bar?

Type x, then add U+0304, Combining macron, straight after it; no key and no Alt code makes the pair. In a web page write x̄, and in LaTeX maths \bar{x}. Copying x̄ here gives the same two code points.

What does x̄ mean in statistics?

The mean of a sample: add up the values of x and divide by how many there are. A sample of 1, 4 and 1 has x̄ = 2. The mean of the whole population is written μ.

Is there a single character for x bar?

No. Unicode has ready-made letters with a macron for a, e, i, o, u, y and g, such as ȳ, because languages write with them. x has none, so x̄ is always the letter plus a combining mark.

Why does the bar sit off-center?

x̄ is two code points, so the font decides where the bar goes: some center it and some push it to one side. The overline form x̅ is another choice, with a bar as wide as the letter.

All 45 letters with a bar

Start here 8

Capital X bar Made of U+0058 and U+0304. The capital letter with the macron: the sample mean of a data set named X.
Latin small letter y with macron U+0233. y bar as one character, since Unicode has this letter ready-made. Added in Unicode 3.0 (1999).
p bar Made of U+0070 and U+0304. The letter p with the combining macron.
x bar Made of U+0078 and U+0304. The letter x and the combining macron: two code points that draw as one. In statistics it is the mean of a sample.
x double bar Made of U+0078 and U+033F. The letter x with the combining double overline: two bars.
x hat Made of U+0078 and U+0302. Not a bar: x with the circumflex, which Unicode also calls hat. \hat{x} in LaTeX.
x tilde Made of U+0078 and U+0303. Not a bar: x with the combining tilde, a wavy line.
x with an overline Made of U+0078 and U+0305. The same letter with the combining overline, a bar as wide as the letter.

Show all 45 letters with a bar (37 more)

Letter and macron 14

c bar Made of U+0063 and U+0304. The letter c with the combining macron.
Capital P bar Made of U+0050 and U+0304. The capital letter P with the combining macron.
Capital Z bar Made of U+005A and U+0304. The capital letter Z with the combining macron.
d bar Made of U+0064 and U+0304. The letter d with the combining macron.
k bar Made of U+006B and U+0304. The letter k with the combining macron.
m bar Made of U+006D and U+0304. The letter m with the combining macron.
n bar Made of U+006E and U+0304. The letter n with the combining macron.
q bar Made of U+0071 and U+0304. The letter q with the combining macron.
r bar Made of U+0072 and U+0304. The letter r with the combining macron.
s bar Made of U+0073 and U+0304. The letter s with the combining macron.
t bar Made of U+0074 and U+0304. The letter t with the combining macron.
v bar Made of U+0076 and U+0304. The letter v with the combining macron.
w bar Made of U+0077 and U+0304. The letter w with the combining macron.
z bar Made of U+007A and U+0304. The letter z with the combining macron.

Letter and overline 4

A with an overline Made of U+0041 and U+0305. In set theory a bar over a set can mark its complement: everything that is not in A.
AB under one bar Made of A, U+0305, B and U+0305. Overlines join left and right, so two letters share one bar: a way to write the line segment AB.
Capital X with an overline Made of U+0058 and U+0305. The capital letter with the combining overline.
z with an overline Made of U+007A and U+0305. A bar over a complex number can mark its conjugate.

Double bar 1

Capital X double bar Made of U+0058 and U+033F. The capital letter with the combining double overline.

With a subscript 3

x bar n Made of x, U+0304 and U+2099, a subscript n.
x bar one Made of x, U+0304 and U+2081, subscript one: the mean of a first sample.
x bar two Made of x, U+0304 and U+2082, subscript two: the mean of a second sample.

Letters that come with a bar 7

Latin capital letter y with macron U+0232. Capital Y bar as one character. Added in Unicode 3.0 (1999).
Latin small letter a with macron U+0101. a bar as one character: a letter of Latvian and Latin teaching texts, among others. &amacr; in HTML.
Latin small letter e with macron U+0113. e bar as one character. &emacr; in HTML.
Latin small letter g with macron U+1E21. g bar as one character, from the Latin Extended Additional block.
Latin small letter i with macron U+012B. i bar as one character; the macron takes the place of the dot. &imacr; in HTML.
Latin small letter o with macron U+014D. o bar as one character. &omacr; in HTML.
Latin small letter u with macron U+016B. u bar as one character: a letter of Latvian and Lithuanian, among others. &umacr; in HTML.

Not a bar 3

Latin small letter x with dot above U+1E8B. Not a bar: x with a dot above, one character. Unicode's note on the dot: derivative (Newtonian notation).
x underlined Made of U+0078 and U+0332. Not over the letter: the combining low line, which Unicode also calls underline.
x with a macron below Made of U+0078 and U+0331. Not over the letter: the same short bar set under it.

The marks alone 5

Combining double overline U+033F. The mark itself: two bars. Unicode's note: connects on left and right.
Combining macron U+0304. The mark itself, which Unicode also calls long. Typed straight after a letter, it sits over that letter. No Alt code and no named entity; ̄ in HTML.
Combining overline U+0305. The mark itself, which Unicode also calls overscore and vinculum. Unicode's note: connects on left and right. ̅ in HTML.
Macron U+00AF. A bar with nothing under it, taking its own space. Option+Shift+, or Alt+0175. It does not sit over the next letter.
Overline U+203E. A wide bar with nothing under it, which Unicode also calls spacing overscore. &oline; in HTML.

How this list was compiled: Names, and the code points they belong to, are checked against UnicodeData.txt, version 18.0.0 (https://www.unicode.org/Public/18.0.0/ucd/UnicodeData.txt), and printed in sentence case. Notes that begin Unicode's note quote NamesList.txt of the same version (https://www.unicode.org/Public/18.0.0/ucd/NamesList.txt); the version a character was added in is from DerivedAge.txt (https://www.unicode.org/Public/18.0.0/ucd/DerivedAge.txt), block names are from Blocks.txt, and the years are from https://www.unicode.org/history/publicationdates.html. Unicode has no single character for an x with a bar, so most rows are a letter followed by one combining mark, U+0304, U+0305 or U+033F; the notes give both code points. Where Unicode does have the letter ready-made (a, e, i, o, u, y and g with a macron), the row is that one character. What a bar over a letter stands for (a sample mean, a complement, a complex conjugate, a line segment) and that the macron is narrower than the overline: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overline; the bar as the sign of the arithmetic mean and X bar for the mean of a data set: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic_mean; the sample of 1, 4 and 1: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sample_mean_and_covariance. All read as wikitext on 2026-10-01 and restated in this site's own words. HTML entity names are from https://html.spec.whatwg.org/entities.json, the Alt code from https://www.unicode.org/Public/MAPPINGS/VENDORS/MICSFT/WINDOWS/CP1252.TXT and the Option key from CLDR's record of the U.S. layout (https://github.com/unicode-org/cldr/blob/release-42/keyboards/osx/en-t-k0-osx.xml). The Start here group, the made rows and the order are this site's own choice. Licence: own work (facts from the Unicode Character Database, Unicode License v3, and from Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0, restated in this site's own words; aliases and notes marked as Unicode's are quoted from NamesList.txt, Copyright © 1991-2026 Unicode, Inc., https://www.unicode.org/license.txt)